tek’nikuri t’valsazrisit’, serverebi aris kompiuteruli programis magalit’i, romelits’ ighebs da pasukhobs skhva programas, romelits’ ts’nobilia rogorts’ klienti. naklebad p’ormalurad, nebismieri motsqobiloba, romelits’ serveris programul uzrunvelqop’as sheedzlo serverze ch’ait’valos. serveri gamoiqeneba k’seluri resursebis mart’vashi. magalit’ad, momkhmarebels sheudzlia shek’mnas serveri k’selshi tsvdomis kontrolist’vis, gaagzavnos / miighot’ elek’tronuli p’osta, mart’os bechduri samushaoebi, an maspindzeli nakhva. zogiert’i serveri motsodebulia konkretul amots’anad, khshirad utsodeben ert’gulebas. shedegad, arsebobs rigi ert’gul serverze kategoriebi, rogorits’aa bechdvit’i serveri, p’ailis serveri, k’selis serveri da monats’emt’a bazis serveri. t’umts’a, dghes bevri serveri iziarebs serverebs, romlebsats’ sheudzliat’ miighon elek’tronuli p’ostis, DNS, FTP da kidev mravali veb-gverdis pasukhismgebloba veb-serveris shemt’khvevashi. imis gamo, rom isini khshirad iqeneben momsakhurebas, romelits’ mudmivad sachiroa, qvelaze serveri arasodes gamort’ulia. shesabamisad, rodesats’ serveri ver mokherkhda, mat’ sheudzliat’ gamoitsvion k’selis momkhmareblebi da kompania bevri problema. am sakit’khebis shemsubuk’ebis shemt’khvevashi, serveri ch’veulebriv maghali donis kompiuterebis shek’mnis sashualebas idzlevian. k’seli aris kompiuterebis, serveris, minap’ravebis, k’seluri motsqobilobebis, perip’eriebis an skhva motsqobilobebis kolek’ts’ia, romlebits’ dakavshirebulia monats’emt’a gaziarebis sashualebas. k’selis shesanishnavi magalit’ia interneti, romelits’ mt’els msop’lioshi milionobit’ adamians akavshirebs. k’vemot’ aris sakhlis k’selis magalit’i imiji skhvadaskhva kompiuterebit’ da skhva k’seluri motsqobilobebit’, romlebits’ dakavshirebulia ert’manet’t’an da internetshi. termini k’selis topologia aghtsers dakavshirebuli motsqobilobebis urt’iert’obas geometriuli grap’is t’valsazrisit’. motsqobilobebi tsarmodgenilia vertices, da mat’i kavshirebi tsarmodgenilia rogorts’ kideebi grap’ashi. igi aghtsers, ramdeni kavshiri t’it’oeul motsqobilobas ak’vs, ra miznit’, da ra sakhis ierark’ia. qvelaze mt’avari k’selebi konp’igurats’iashi khis topologia, romelits’ dakavshirebulia internetshi. korporatiuli k’selebi khshirad iqeneben khis topologias, magram isini, rogorts’ tsesi, it’valistsineben varskvlavis topologiasa da intranets. ra iqo pirveli kompiuteruli k’seli? paketis gadart’vis ert’-ert’i pirveli kompiuteruli k’seli ARPANET 1960-iani tslebis shua rits’khvebshi shemushavda da t’anamedrove internetis pirdapiri tsinamorbedia. pirveli ARPANET shetqobineba 1969 tslis 29 ok’tombers gaigzavna.