artmeTodebi Tanamedrove

fsiqoTerapiasa
da treningSi

rusudan mircxulava

mxatvar-dizaineri: buba oCiauri

Tbilisi
2007
norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWo

SvedeTis ganviTarebis
saerTaSoriso saagento

wigni gamoica norvegiis sagareo saqmeTa

saministros da SvedeTis ganviTarebis
saerTaSoriso saagentos finansuri
mxardaWeriT
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

arttreningisa da artTerapiis raoba

Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapia da treningi sul li Semoqmedeba~) zegavleniT, pacientTa naxatebis

ufro xSirad mimarTavs xelovnebasa da mxatvrul soliduri koleqcia Seagrova. manve Camoayaliba
SemoqmedebasTan dakavSirebul e.w. artmeTodebs. mxa­tvruli sazogadoeba, romelSic mxatvrebi da
artTera­piis fuZemdeblad piTagoras miiCneven, eqi­mebi gaerTiandnen.
romelic, legendis Tanaxmad, fizikur da sulier debiufe sakuTar SemoqmedebaSi fsiqiatriul pa-
sneulebebs qnarze Sesrulebuli musikiT kurnavda. cientTa Taviseburi mxatvruli eqspresiis imita-
rogorc amboben, didi geometri da filosofosi ciasac cdilobda. mxatvris moRvaweobam garkveuli
eqi­mic iyo da mis xelSi qnari saswaulebriv wamlad zegavlena moaxdina misi drois ara erTi Semoqmedis
iqceoda. artTerapia dakavSirebulia miTologiuri msoflmxedvelobaze: erTni pacientTa Semoqmedebas
personaJis, antikuri RvTaebis saxelTanac; dionise- sakuTari moRvaweobis stimulad aRiqvamdnen, meo-
bakqosis dResaswaulebze gamarTuli Teatraluri reni – klinikebSi mxatvrul studiebs qmnidnen.
sanaxaoba – karnavali, romelSic mTeli mosaxleo- artTerapiis ganviTarebaSi mniSvnelovani roli
ba iRebda monawileobas, Tanamedrove artsesiis miuZRviT iren da jilbert Campernonebs. iungianel-
`winaprad~ SeiZleba miviCnioT. ma artTerapevtebma kerZo klinikis bazaze mxatvru-
termini `artTerapia~ fsiqiatrsa da artTera­ li studiebi daaarses. aq mxatvrul eqspresias sru-
pevt a. hils ekuTvnis, romlis naSromma - `saxviTi xe- li Tavisufleba eniWeboda; Terapevti - aradireq-
lovneba avadmyofobis winaaRmdeg~, avtoris klini- tiuli, erTgvarad distancirebuli iyo pacienti-
kuri gamocdileba Seajama. artTerapiuli meTode­ sagan, ar mimarTavda produqciis interpretirebas.
bis CamoyalibebaSi didi roli miuZRviT lombrozos, Campernonebis centri gansakuTrebuli popula-
iungs, morenos, kriss, klains, milners, asajolis, robiT sargeblobda 40-60-ian wlebSi, rodesac is
leiners, dezoils, kelis da sxvebs. fsiqologTa, xelovanTa da pacientTa erToblivi
m. simonma mxatvruli Semoqmedebisadmi diagnos- TavSeyris adgilad iqca.
tikur midgomas Cauyara safuZveli da mxatvruli 1983w. mxatvarma greCinskim da fsiqologma mar-
stilis Taviseburebebi fsiqologiur niSan-Tvise- tonma niu-iorkis fsiqiatriuli centris (kridmuri)
bebs daukavSira. erT-erTi Senoba Seisyides da aq `cocxali muzeumi~
mxatvarma J. debiufem, fsiqiatr princ hornis (anu mudmivad cvladi, dinamiuri muzeumi) daaarses.
monografiis (`sulierad daavadebulTa mxatvru- fsiqiatriuli klinika samxatvro studiad Tu ate-

3
 lied gardaiqmna. pacientTa SemoqmedebiTi procesi veli) ara ubralod CarTo mxatvrul SemoqmedebaSi,
aq mTeli klinikis sivrcis `aTvisebas~ gulisxmob- aramed dramatuli xelovneba mZlavr Terapiul in-
da. darbazebi, oTaxebi, palatebi, baRi, calkeuli strumentad aqcia.
nivTebi – yovelive Semoqmedebis masalad gamoiyene­
boda. pacientebi Tavisuflad irCevdnen masalas, 60-70-ian wlebSi artTerapevtTa soliduri jgu-
mimarTavdnen xelovnebis ama Tu im dargs, xerxsa Tu fi antifsiqiatriuli moZraobis aqtiuri monawile
meTods, awyobdnen namuSevarTa eqspoziciebs, mar- xdeba; artTerapias isini ganixilavdnen ara mxolod
Tavdnen diskusiebs. `cocxal muzeums~ xSirad stum- dasaqmebiT (SromiT) Terapiad, aramed fsiqiatri-
robdnen profesionali mxatvrebi da xelovnebis uli praqtikis alternativadac. dResdReobiT amg-
moyvarulni. vari radikalizmi Senelebulia, Tumca sul ufro
artTerapiis ganviTarebaSi sruliad gansa- izrdeba TerapevtTa da trenerTa ricxvi, romlebic
kuTrebulia jeikob morenos fsiqodramis roli da artmeTodebs mimarTaven da iyeneben TavianT praq-
mniSvneloba. fsiqiatriul klinikaSi daarsebulma tikaSi. msoflios mraval qveyanaSi Camoyalibebulia
Teatrma pacientebi (da sazogadod, nebismieri msur- artTerapevtTa komitetebi da asociaciebi.

cota ram Teoriis Sesaxeb

klasikuri fsiqoanalizis mixedviT, mxatvruli

Semoqmedeba sublimaciis kerZo aspeqtia da instin-
qturi (seqsualuri Tu Tavdacvis) moTxovnilebis
­mxa­tv­rul warmodgenad (rogoricaa leqsi, ferweru­
li tilo, skulptura da a. S.) gardaqmnas ukavSir­
deba.
z. froidis mixedviT, Semoqmedebas bevri aqvs saer-
To sizmarTan da, rogorc sizmari, moTxovnilebaTa
dakmayofilebas gulisxmobs. avtoris gagebiT, mxat-
vruli simbolo (sizmarsa Tu xelovnebaSi) instinq-
turi moTxovnilebis sagnisa da realuri obieqtis
iluziur SeTavsebas axdens; realurad miuwvdomeli

4
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

sagani sizmrisa da Semoqmedebis wyalobiT misawv- ganumeoreblobas aniWebs rogorc jgufis artis-
domi xdeba. magaliTad, bavSvi, romelsac alergiis tuli monacemebi Tu mxatvruli neba, aseve Treneris
gamo marwyvi ekrZaleba, sizmarSi marwyvs miirTvevs. arCevani da mxatvrul meTodTa originaluri kombi-
froidis mixedviT, msgavsi meqanizmi xelovnebasTan nacia.
mimarTebaSic iCens Tavs; SemoqmedebiT xelovani
`eufleba~ da `wvdeba~ imas, rac realobaSi misTvis arttreningi da pedagogika
miuRwevelia. sruliad gansakuTrebulia artmeTodebis roli
k. iungis xelovnebis Teoriis gagebiT, mxatvruli pedagogikaSi. swavla-aRzrdis procesSi maTi gamo­
Semoqmedebisadmi miswrafeba adamianis Taviseburi yeneba ara mxolod xelSemwyob emociur fons qmnis da
instinqtia, misi Sinagani moTxovnilebaa. avtoris amiT aumjobesebs pedagogis urTierToba-kontaqts
mixedviT, Semoqmedebas autoTerapiuli potenciali aRsazrdelebTan, aramed, aseve, aiolebs daswavlas,
axasiaTebs; adamians misi wyalobiT SeuZlia TviT- axali masalis aTvisebasa da Cvevebis dauflebas.
gankurnebas miaRwios. Cven mier qvemoT SemoTavazebuli meTodebi SeiZle-
ganwyobis Teoria xelovnebas ararealizebul ba farTod iqnes gamoyenebuli skolaSi, sxvadasxva
(anu moqmedebaSi gadausvlel) da aracnobierSi ar- asakis bavSvebTan.
sebul ganwyoba-mzaobebTan akavSirebs. Cveni faru-
li `daukmayofilebeli~ ganwyobebi xelovnebis dax- arttreningis ori ZiriTadi saxe –
marebiT hpoveben ganxorcielebas. monomodaluri da multimodaluri arttreningi.

arttreningsa da artTerapiaSi Semdegi qve­

saxeobebi gamoiyofa:
musikoTerapia, moZraobiTi da cekviTi Terapia,
xatviTi Terapia, `cocxali skulpturis~ meTodi,
`niRbebis damzadebisa~ da Teatraluri warmodgenis
(fsiqodrama, performansi) meTodi, instalacia da
lendarti. es CamonaTvali sruli araa, vinaidan
artmeTodebis arsenali mravalferovani da amou-
wuravia.sagulisxmoa, rom ar arsebobs ori, zustad
erTnairi artsesia; jgufis SemoqmedebiT muSaobas

5
 monomodalur arttreningSi xelovnebis mxolod mohyavT saxelganTqmuli jeikob moreno, didi maest­
erTi dargia gamoyenebuli, multimodaluri ki – ro, fsiqodramis avtori da fsiqiatriul klinikaSi
sxv­adasxva dargebis erTobliv gamoyenebas gulisx- pirveli Teatris damaarsebeli, romelic Tavisi
mobs. eqstravaganturi ieriTa da artistuli manerebiT
rogorc praqtikam gviCvena, multimodaluri art- waruSlel STabeWdilebas axdenda.
treningi rigi upiratesobebiT gamoirCeva. kerZod, 2. artsesiis xangrZlivoba
treningis monawiles saSualeba eZleva sakuTari rogorc gamocdilebam gviCvena, artsesia sasur-
SesaZleblobebi xelovnebis gansxvavebul dargebSi velia ramdenime dRe gagrZeldes. Cven qvemoT Semog-
mosinjos da srulad gamoavlinos SemoqmedebiTi TavazebT samdRiani artsesiis struqturas, dReSi 6
potenciali. erTi artsesiis farglebSi xelovne- saaTis muSaobiTa da ori naxevarsaaTiani SesvenebiT.
bis erTi dargidan meoreze gadanacvleba (xatvidan dasaSvebia erTdRiani, Sinaarsobrivad ufro `Sem-
dramaze, dramidan – simReraze da a. S.) erTgvari Widrovebuli~ sesiac.
TamaSis saxes iZens, rac xels uwyobs yuradRebis 3. artsesiis garemo – pirobebi
mudmiv fokusirebas SemoqmedebiT amocanaze da, Se- sasurvelia, farTo oTaxi – darbazi, romelSic
sabamisad, aiolebs trenerisa da jgufis wevrebis sesiis monawileTa moqmedeba ar SeizRudeba. oTa­
muSaobasac. xis erT mxares unda wriulad ganTavsdes skamebi da
TeTri dafebi (white boards). oTaxis meore, Tavisu-
arttreningis aucilebeli pirobebi da instru­ fali mxare – dramatul moqmedebas, moZraobiT sa-
mentebi varjiSoebs da cekvas daeTmoba. artsesiis Catareba
1. treneris pirovnebas gansakuTrebuli mniS- nebismier Tavisufal adgilas da, aseve, sufTa haer-
vneloba eniWeba; kerZod, mis emociur `Riaobas~, zec SeiZleba. aseve, dasaSvebia scenis ageba da moq-
keTilganwyobas, azartulobasa da interess mimdi­ medebis scenaze warmodgena.
nare moqmedebis mimarT. aseve, mniSvnelovania trene­ 4. aRWurviloba – masala
ris SemoqmedebiToba da mxatvrul aqtivobaSi CarT- multimodaluri artsesia garda Tavisufali
vis unari. trenerma sruli Tavisufleba unda miani- sivrcisa (moqmedebis gasaSlelad) saWiroebs TeTr
Wos sesiis monawileTa TviTgamoxatvas, stimuli da dafebs an didi formatis qaRaldebs, ferad markereb-
biZgi misces maT moqmedebasa Tu Ria diskusias. sa da flomasterebs (SeiZleba saRebavebic) koleqti-
zogierTi avtori arttreneris `aucilebel~ uri naxatisaTvis; aseve, didi raodenobiT ferad qa­
qarizmatulobazec ki laparakobs. magali­Tad Ralds, makratlebsa da webos – sasceno rekvizitis,

6
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

kostiumebis, niRbebis dasamzadeblad. sasurvelia, 6. artsesiis Tema

magnitofonis gamoyeneba gansxvavebuli ritmisa da Tema winaswar SeiZleba ganisazRvros jgufis­
emociuri elferis mqone musikaluri CanawerebiT. Tvis saerTo, aqtualuri problemidan gamomdinare
5. artsesiis monawileni – aqtiorebi anu moqmedni rogoricaa magaliTad, konfliqti ojaxur wreSi an
sesiaSi monawileobis miReba nebismier adamians samsaxureobrivi usiamovnebani, anda gamoikveTos
SeuZlia. Tumca, jgufebi SeiZleba Camoyalibdes sesiis manZilze. Tumca, aseTi zogadi, yvelasaT-
garkveuli principiTac. magaliTad, asakobrivi vis saintereso da aqtualuri sakiTxis gamokveTa
Taviseburebebis an saerTo problemis safuZvelze. aucilebeli ar aris, vinaidan artjgufi TiToeuli
ra Tqma unda, mniSvneloba ara aqvs aqtioris gawa- misi wevris individualur sakiTxze `muSaobs~ da
fulobas xelovnebis romelime dargSi, radganac wevrebi sakuTari problemebis gaSuqebas, wvdomasa
artsesiaze umTavresia uSualo da gulwrfeli da gaanalizebasac (zogjer gadaWrasac) axerxeben.
TviTgamoxatvis unari da ara profesionalizmi.

artsesiis struqtura

nebismieri artsesia (xelovnebis nebismieri dar- radRebis savarjiSoebi, ferxulis (xelCakidebiT

gis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi) sami Ziri- wriuli moZraobebi) da zogadad cekvis ele­
Tadi nawilisagan Sedgeba: mentebi, mkveTri moZraobebi da SeZaxi­
lebi. treners SeuZlia sakuTari origi­
1. mosamzadebeli etapi _ naluri meTodis SemuSavebac; am mxriv
moTelva mas sruli Tavisufleba eniWeba.

misi mizania aqtiorebSi Sesaba­ mosamzadebel etapze Cven viye­

misi ganwyobis (`TamaSis ganwyo- nebT Semdeg savarjiSoebs:
bis~) stimulireba, maTi aqtiuro-
bis gazrda, guneba – ganwyobile­ savarjiSo `magiuri adgili~ – wi-
bis gaumjobeseba, socialuri kon- naswar SerCeul adgilze aqtiorebi as-
taqtebis damyareba. ruleben sxeulidan problemebis ritu-
gamoiyeneba `misalmebisa~ da yu­ alur `Camobertyvas~, raTa `gaTavisufle-

7
 bulebi~ laRad da siamovnebiT CaerTon mxatvrul varjiSos Sesrulebisas maT erTmaneTisken Tavis mo-
moqmedebaSi. trialeba ekrZalebaT.
savarjiSo `Rimili~ - aqtiorebi gulxeldakre- III etapi: aqtiorebi zurgSeqceviT cdiloben erT-
filebi, warbSekrulni erTmaneTs `mrisxaned~ aTva- maneTis moZraobebis gameorebas.
liereben. treneris niSanze isini CamouSveben xelebs IV etapi: aqtiorebi gverdigverd siarulis dros
da RimiliT Sexedaven erTmaneTs (meordeba ramden- cdiloben moZraobebis kopirebas.
jerme).
2. TamaSi anu mxatvruli moqmedebis etapi (play)
moTelvis savarjiSo `sarke~ am etapze aqtiorebi SemoqmedebiT amocanebs as-
aqtiorebi or-orad iyofian da erTmaneTis moZ- ruleben (xataven, mRerian, amzadeben Teatralur
raobebis gameoreba – kopirebas cdiloben; erTi kos­tiumebs, asruleben rolebs, qmnian cocxal
adamiania, meore – misi anarekli sarkeSi. skulpturebs anu ama Tu im poziT garkveuli emociis,
savarjiSo ramdenime etaps moicavs (davaleba Tan- Sexedulebis, ideis warmodgenas cdiloben ­(vrclad
daTan rTuldeba). qvemoT ganvixilavT).
I etapi: aqtiorebi pirispir dganan da ase asrule-
ben savarjiSos. 3. “Seringi” (gaziareba) anu mxatvruli moqmede­
II etapi: aqtiorebi gverdigverd dganan da sa- bis analizisa da gagebis etapi
aqtiorebi msjeloben TamaSis etapze warmod-
genili mxatvruli moqmedebis Sesaxeb. ixilaven da
afaseben rogorc sakuTar, aseve jgufis wevrTa
`TamaSs~ da `namoRvawars~; aRniSnaven, Tu ra da ra-
tom iyo maTTvis gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovani
da sayuradRebo, rogor aRiqves esa Tu is simbolo
da mxatvruli saxe, ra axali `aRmoCena~ gaakeTes, ra
grZnobebi, survilebi da ganzraxvebi aReZraT.
“Seringi” gulisxmobs diskusiasa da interpreta-
ciaTa Sepirispirebas. aucilebelia jgufis koleq-
tiuri moqmedebis saerTo Sejameba – analizi da
jgufis, rogorc mTelis, Sefaseba.

8
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

Cveni gamocdilebis mixedviT, sesiis ganmavloba- gadasvlas da stimuls iZleva Semdgomi moqmede-
Si sasurvelia ramdenime `mcire~ diskusiis gamarT- bisaTvis. bolo “Seringma” ki unda Seajamos jgufis
va (magaliTad, koleqtiuri naxatis an konkretuli muSaoba mTeli sesiis ganmavlobaSi da xeli Seuwyos
dramatuli amocanis Sesrulebis Semdeg). es `mcire daskvnebis gamotanas.
diskusiebi~ aiolebs axal SemoqmedebiT amocanaze

artsesiis ZiriTadi mizania

aqtiorebma miaRwion iseT fsiqologiur fenome­ zemoqmedebis mqonea niWieri msaxiobi, kargi pedago-
nebs, rogorebicaa: gi Tu oratori.
1. empaTia anu socializacia; Cvenze empaTiurad zemoqmedeben ara mxolod
2. kaTarzisi anu eqspresia; konkretuli adamianebi an mTlianad sazogadoeba,
3. insaiTi anu `wvdomiT~ Semecneba. aramed fizikuri garemoc; landSafti, peizaJi, oTax-
is dizaini, tansacmlis feri, amindi – es yvelaferi
ganvixiloT TiToeuli maTgani: adamianSi Sesabamis emociebs aRZravs.
empaTias sxvanairad Tanagancdas an STagrZnobas gaixseneT Tqveni guneba-ganwyobileba Semodgomis
uwodeben. igi grZnobaTa gadacemas an grZnobebiT gadabmuli wvimebisas da gazafxulis naTel mzian
urTierTdamuxtvas niSnavs. empaTia adamianTa Soris diliT! – gansxvaveba aSkaraa! amindi TqvenSi Sesaba­
emociuri kavSiris safuZvelia. yvelam kargad vi­ciT, mis emocias empaTiurad aRZravs.
Tu rogori gadamdebia sicili; sakmarisia erTma empaTiuri anu emociuri kavSiri ara mxolod
gulianad gaicinos da sicilis talRa mis garSemo- mozr­dilebs, aramed Cvilebsac axasiaTebT; axal-
myof­Tac gadauvlis. aseTi `gadamdebloba~ met-nak- Sobili alerssa da dayvavebaze didi xalisiT rea-
lebad yvela emociisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli. girebs, mxiarul simReras energiul moZraobebs ayo-
iTvleba, rom masebis winamZRolebs, liderebsa lebs, Zilispirulze Zili ereva da a.S.
da beladebs swored empaTiuroba gamoarCevT; maT xelovnebaSi empaTias gansakuTrebuli roli eni-
gansakuTrebulad exerxebaT sakuTari emociebiT Weba. xelovnebis nawarmoebi CvenSi uSualod, empa-
(rogoricaa SemarTeba, enTuziazmi, zogjer risxva Tiurad aRZravs Sesabamis emociebsa da grZnobebs.
da a.S.) garSemo myofTa damuxtva da amiT adamianTa magaliTad, musikalur nawarmoebSi (vTqvaT, Sopenis
didi jgufebis gamTlianeba. aseve, didi emociuri sonata) avtoris mier Cadebuli emociuri infor-

9
 macia Cvenamde, msmenelamde, empaTiis gziT aRwevs. Tarziss Teatraluri tragediis mier mayurebelSi
­msmeneli ara mxolod ar rCeba gulgrili, aramed emo- grZnobaTa gamowvevasTan akavSirebs. ZvelberZeni
ciebiT imuxteba da esTetikur sferosTan ziarebasa filosofosis azriT, tragedia iseT uaryofiT
da gamTlianebas ganicdis. leqsis kiTxvisas poetis gancdebs iwvevs, rogoricaa dardi da tanjva da amiT
grZnobebi Cvens grZnobebad iqceva, Teatraluri sa- xels uwyobs am mZime da damTrgunveli gancdebisa-
naxaoba saSualebas gvaZlevs ara mxolod davinaxoT, gan ganmuxtvas an, sityva – sityviT, `ganwmendas~;
aramed `vigrZnoT~ kidec personaJTa gancdebi, maTi adamiani Tavisufldeba, ganiwmindeba uaryofiTi
sixaruli Tu dardi. gancdebisagan maTi aSkara da Riad gamoxatvis gziT
artTerapiasa da arttreningSi empaTia jgufis da sasiamovno Svebas, `frTaSesxmul Tavisuflebas~
muSaobis erT-erTi aucilebeli pirobaa. trenerma grZnobs.
unda uzrunvelyos jgufis moqmedeba dadebiTi emo- fsiqikis e.w. `hidravlikuri modelis~ mixedviT,
ciuri foniT (e.w. `Terapiuli siyvaruliT~); SeZlos fsiqika energiis rezervuaria, romelSic emociebi
aqtiorTa damuxtva sakuTari interesiT, enTuzi- iseve grovdeba, rogorc saqvabeSi orTqli. Tuki emo-
azmiT, SemoqmedebiTi stimuliT, xeli Seuwyos maTs
`Riaobas~ erTmaneTisadmi, waaxalisos Tanagancdis
nebismieri gamovlineba.
rac mTavaria, empaTia arttreningis erT-
erTi mizania, vinaidan igi gulisxmobs socia­
luri kavSirebis aRdgenasa da sakuTari izo-
lirebulobis daZlevas.
artsesiis ganmavlobaSi gamoyenebuli
ritualuri qmedebani (rogoricaa xelCa­
kidebiT wris Sekvra, ferxuli, sarkis sa-
varjiSo, aplodismentebi da a.S.) swored aq-
tiorTa Soris empaTiur-emociuri kavSire-
bis damyareba-ganmtkicebas emsaxureba.
kaTarzisi fsiqoTerapiis umniSvnelo-
vanesi faqtoria. Tavad termini fsiqo­
Terapiaze bevrad xnieria.aristotele ka-

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 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

ciebis gamoxatva, `gareT gamosvla~ ferxdeba, maSin TarzisSi igi gulisx-

izrdeba Sinagani daZabuloba, rac fsiqikis moqmedebis mobda:
darRvevas iwvevs. Sesabamisad, aucilebelia adamianis 1. emociaTa aSka-
emociuri energiis perioduli ganmuxtva (`orTqlis ra da Tavisufal
gareT gamoSveba~). aseTad ki SeiZleba iqces `Svebis gamoxatvas – eqspre-
cremlebi~, guliani, xmamaRali sicili da a.S. sias;
samedicino gagebiT, kaTarzisi pacientis 2. emociuri sferos mowes-
uaryofiTi gancdebisagan ganmuxtvaa maTi Riad rigeba – daregulirebas;
gamoxatvis, eqspresiis saSualebiT. 3. pirovnebaTSorisi konfliqte-
fsiqologTa garkveuli nawili kaTarziss erT- bis gadawyvetas;
gvari romantikuli SaravandediTac ki amkobs; mas 4. esTetikuri gamocdilebis miRebas anu xe-
miiCneven idealuri yofierebis mdgomareobad da lovnebasTan ziarebas;
im “madlad”, romelic mxolod iSviaTi da Zvirfasi 5. TviTSemecnebas;
wuTebisas eZleva adamians. 6. informaciul (sakuTari Tu gare sam-
artTerapevtTa erTi jgufi Tvlis, rom kaTar- yaros aRqmis) cvlilebebs.
zisiT maqsimaluri Terapiuli efeqti miiRweva. meo-
re jgufi ki miiCnevs, rom mxolod kaTarzisi sakma- arsebobs mosazrebac, rom kaTarzisi –
risi ar aris da masTan erTad aucilebelia aqtiorTa rogorc mxolod grZnobaTa ganmuxtva, art-
azrovnebis waxalisebac; saWiroa ara mxolod emoci- Terapiis sawyisi etapia da ara misi finali. ker-
aTa martivi `gamoSveba~ (`jinis gaTavisufleba boT- Zod, kaTarziss unda mohyves sakuTari grZnobebis
lidan~), aramed, aseve, analizi, msjeloba da gageba. gageba, maTi marTva _ kontrolis daufleba, so-
arttreningSi kaTarzisi ganixileba, rogorc cialuri kavSirebis analizi da axali adapteri
gansakuTrebuli movlena, erTgvari kulminacia strategiebis daswavla.
da `mwvervali~. aris mosazrebac, rom artmeTode-
bis ZiriTadi daniSnuleba swored kaTarzisis gziT insaiTi
socialurad saSiSi da saxifaTo grZnobebis ganei- uecar, momentalur gagebas insaiTs uwodeben.
tralebaa. yvelasaTvis kargadaa cnobili arqimedesTan dakav-
araerTmniSvnelovnad esmoda kaTarzisis buneba Sirebuli legenda: abazanaSi gancxromiT mwoliare
`fsiqodramis~ mamas - jeikob morenos. kerZod, ka- moazrovnes idea `TavisiT ewvia~. bednieri arqimede

11
 SeZaxiliT - `evrika!~, SiSveli gavarda gareT. Sesruleba, niRbebis damzadeba da a.S.) aqtiori ig-
insaiTi aris azrovnebis ara Tanmimdevruli Sede- ebs da wvdeba sakuTar grZnobebs, cxovrebis miseul
gi, aramed swrafi, myisieri wvdoma. amitomac mas stils, konfliqtebsa da motivacias, adamianebTan
xatovnad `gaciskrovnebasac~ uwodeben; igulisx- urTierTobis Taviseburebebs da sxva. am gziT miRe-
meba gonebis gaciskrovneba ideis SuqiT. insaiTs buli informacia SeiZleba sruliad moulodneli
aracnobier fsiqikur muSaobasTan akavSireben; ada- da paradoqsulic ki iyos. magaliTad, fsiqodrama-
mians aracnobieri gonebrivi Sromis produqti `mza~ Si Svilisa da mSoblis mier rolebis gacvlam SeiZ­
da `dasrulebuli~ saxiT eZleva. leba adamians, misda gasaocrad, cxadad daanaxos,
artTerapiaSi am terminis qveS gulisxmoben ara mxo­ rom ojaxuri konfliqtis mizezi swored TviTonaa,
lod momentalur wvdomas, aramed zogadad azrovne­bis gaacnobierebinos meore adamianis pozicia da, rac
process; magram, ara logikur azrovnebasTan, aramed mTavaria, insaiTurad anu `momentalurad~ apovni-
SemoqmedebiT procesTan dakavSirebul gagebas. nos konfliqtis mogvarebis gzebi.
SemoqmedebiT procesSi (rogoricaa xatva, rolis

simbolo

simbolo artsesiis mTavari iaraRi da instrumentia. simbolo amouwuravia. masSi sul axali da axali Si-
rogorc viciT, xelovnebis ena simboluria. igi naarsobrivi plastebis amocnobaa SesaZlebeli. ami-
simboloebis saSualebiT cdilobs garkveuli idee-
bisa da emociebis gamoxatvas.
simbolo ewodeba TvalsaCino xats – warmodge-
nas, romelic ufro mets aRniSnavs, vidre gamox-
atavs, ufro mets gulisxmobs, vidre TvalnaTliv
gviCvenebs. magaliTad, simbolo +(jvari) vizualu-
rad gamoxatavs vertikaluri da horizontaluri
xazebis kveTas, xolo aRniSnavs qristianul rwmenas,
adamianis xelgaSlil figuras, yvela mimarTulebiT
swrafvas, sulierisa da fizikuris gamTlianebas,
harmonias, adamianisa da RmerTis kavSirs... namdvili

12
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

tomac xelovneba stimuls aZlevs ara mxolod Semo-

qmeds, aramed aRmqmelsac (mayurebels, mkiTxvels,
msmenels). simboloTa gagebac xom Semoqmedebaa!
ufro metic, adamianis `ucnauri~ niWisa da una­ris
wyalobiT simbolod SeiZleba nebismieri ram iqces.
xe, kalami, fanjara, kari, farda, cecxli, wya­li, xeli,
Weqa-quxili, yvavili, wvima, wigni, mTvare, sarke,
naTura... – es realuri sagnebi Tu movlene­bi CvenT-
vis, garkveuli datvirTvis SemTxvevaSi, SeiZleba sim-
boloebad iqces. Cven maTSi garkveul mniSvnelobas,
azrsa da Sinaarss vdebT da Tanac ara erTxel da sa­
mudamod. magaliTad, Zalzed sainteresoa `cecxli~
rogorc simbolo. masSi erTdroulad ganadgureba saxeb. roluri TamaSi, rolTa diapazoni, rolebis
da qmnadoba, siyvaruli da siZulvili, boroteba da gacvla – am Temebze ara mxolod Teatralur sare-
RvTiuri madli, vneba da sispetake... igulisxmeba. peticio darbazebSi, aramed fsiqologTa wreebSic
artsesiis monawileebs saSualeba eZlevaT saku- saubroben. TiToeul Cvengans iseTi socialuri
Tari Tavi (azrebi, survilebi, grZnobebi) simbolo- rolebis Sesruleba gviwevs, rogoricaa mSoblis,
Ta eniT gamoxaton da Semdgom am simboloTa gagebas Svilis, meuRlis, profesionalis, megobris da a.S.
Seecadon. “Seringi” swored mxatvruli simboloebis rolebi. rac ufro kargad flobs adamiani aucile­
wvdoma-analizs ukavSirdeba. sabolood ki, kaTar- bel socialur rolebs, miT ufro iolad axerxebs
zisi, empaTia da insaiTi swored simboloTa gamoyen- adamianebTan urTierTobas, sakuTari miznebis miR­
ebiTa da daxmarebiT miiRweva. wevas da a.S. rac ufro mobiluria da moqnili adami-
ani sakuTari rolebis gamoyenebisas, miT ufro efeq-
roli da adamiani turia misi moqmedeba.
Seqspiriseuli fraza - `cxovreba Teatria!~, misi `rolTa Teoria~ Tavis praqtikul gamoyenebas
warmoTqmis wuTidan erT-erT yvelaze popularul fsiqoTerapiaSic poulobs. kerZod, iswavleba
frazad iqca. fsiqologia didi xania msjelobs moZvelebuli, gaxistebuli, mobezrebuli da ukve
yoveli Cvenganis mier yoveldRiur cxovrebasa Tu problemad qceuli cxovrebiseuli rolebisagan ga-
sagangebo viTarebaSi Sesrulebuli rolebis Se­ Tavisuflebis xerxebi da meTodebi. magaliTad, 20
wels miRweuli axalgazrdisTvis problemadaa qceu-

13
 li `patara bavSvis~, `mozardis~, `dedikos biWis~
roli. aseve, xdeba axal rolTa aTviseba – daufle-
ba da rolTa diapazonis gafarToeba – gamdidreba.
Cveni srulwlovani axalgazrdisaTvis aseTi iqneba
`damoukidebeli pirovnebis~, `profesionalis~, `me-
gobris~ da a.S. rolebi.

arttreningSi rolur TamaSs gansakuTrebuli

adgili eTmoba
TamaSdeba gansxvavebuli, realuri Tu fantasti-
kuri, nacnobi Tu sruliad axali da uCveulo role-
bi. sainteresoa, rom `fsiqodrama~ sityva-sityviT
iTargmneba, rogorc `moqmedebaSi mosuli suli~ da
is marTlac saSualebas iZleva, `avamoqmedoT~ su-
lieri Zalebi: mTvlemare survilebi, faruli moT­
xovnilebebi, Zveli ocnebebi Tu aSkara zraxvebi.
Zalzed mniSvnelovania, rom artsesiaze sulier
ZalTa `amoqmedeba~ Tu `gamofxizleba~ ara iZulebiT, II. sesia agebulia fantaziis produqtis – war-
aramed TamaSis formas atarebs. artsesiis monawile- mosaxulis TandaTanobiTi `gareT gamotanis~ prin-
TaTvis (aqtiorebisaTvis) damcav fsiqologiur cipze; kerZod, sesiis monawileni jer warmoisaxaven
vels qmnis TamaSis garemo da `jadosnuri~ sityvebi: raimes (sagani, adamiani, peizaJi...), Semdeg xataven
`viTom~ da `Sen warmoidgine!~. mas da bolos, mis `gamoxatvas~ Teatraluri warmod-
genis saSualebiT cdiloben. aRniSnuli principi
Cven mier aprobirebuli da SemoTavazebuli xels uwyobs aqtiorebis TandaTanobiT gaaqtiure-
artsesia Semdegi ZiriTadi Taviseburebe- bas, aiolebs fsiqologiuri barierebis (simorcxve,
biT xasiaTdeba: morideba, uxerxulobis grZnoba da a.S.) gadalaxvas.
I. sesia multimodaluria – masSi xelovnebis gan- III. sesiis muSaoba efuZneba e.w. `antipodTa prin-
sxvavebuli dargebi gamoiyeneba, rogoricaa ferwe­ cipis.~ anu erTmaneTs vupirispirebT sasowarkveTa
ra, drama, musika, mxatvruli kiTxva da sxva. – imeds (dRe-Rame, sinaTle-sibnele), realur `me~-s

14
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

- idealur `me~-s, `me~ - niRabs, `cud jgufs~ - “karg aucilebelia treneri darwmundes, rom jgufi
jgufs~. meTodi saSualebas iZleva axleburad, axa- efeqturad muSaobs da siZneleebis gareSe asrulebs
li kuTxidan davinaxoT sakuTari Tavi Tu moZvele- amocanas. am mizniT SeiZleba moewyos mokle disku-
buli problemebi da aRmovaCinoT axali, aqamde uc- sia – msjeloba Sesrulebuli davalebebis Sesaxeb.
nobi sulieri resursebi. g) aqtiorebi warmoidgenen peizaJs mxedvelobiTi,
smeniTi, ynosviTi da Sexebis SegrZnebebis daxmare-
artsesiis I dRe biT (ra Tqma unda, treneris Sesabamisi miTiTebebis
mixedviT). treneri frazebs unda warmoTqvamdes
1. moTelva (masze zemoT ukve visaubreT). dinjad, pauzebiT; Tvalyurs unda adevnebdes aq-
2. TamaSi. warmosaxviTi savarjiSoebis Sesruleba. tiorTa reaqcias. magaliTad, `warmoidgineT zRvis
savarjiSoebi TandaTan rTuldeba. sanapiro... talRebisa da Toliebis xma... qviSis xmau-
a) aqtiorebs evalebaT sakuTari Tavis wardge- ri fexqveS... zRvis surneli... wylis wveTebi saxeze...
na garkveuli simboloebis gamoyenebiT (`romeli SeexeT xeliT qviSasa da kenWebs...~
mcenare, cxoveli, sagani da a.S. var da ratom”).
es TamaSi bevrisTvis `asociaciobanas~ saxeliT
bavSvobidanaa cnobili, amitomac aqtiorebi xalisiT
da siZneleebis gareSe iReben masSi monawileobas. es
aris erTgvari misalmebisa da urTierTwardgenis
rituali. magaliTad, erTma aqtiorma Tavi martod
mdgar fiWvad warmoadgina, meorem – morcxv iad, me-
samem – sakuTar TavSi uSiSari d’artaniani amoicno,
meoTxem – sevdiani wvima da a.S.
b) am etapze aqtiorebs evalebaT treneris mi-
TiTebebis mixedviT sxvadasxva modalobis SegrZne-
baTa warmodgena (mxedvelobiTi, smeniTi, ynosviTi, d) aqtiorebi asruleben Cven mier modificire-
Sexebis, gemos). warmatebuli warmodgenisas isini bul r. asajolis warmosaxviT savarjiSoebs - `Sina-
xels maRla sweven. magaliTad, `warmoidgineT dedis gani samoTxe~ da `qoxi~. am etapze maT evalebaT ara
saxe... megobris xma... vardis surneli... kaqtusis Se­ mxolod warmosaxviTi amocanis Sesruleba, aramed
xeba... limonis gemo...~ warmosaxulis gageba – interpretaciac.

15
 savarjiSo `Sinagani samoTxe~ savarjiSos Sesrulebis Semdeg, aqtiorebi
TvaldaxuWuli aqtiorebi mihyvebian treneris rigrigobiT mogviTxroben, Tu ra da rogor war-
mier SemoTavazebul warmodgenebs, rogorebicaa: moidgines (detalebis miTiTebiT): ra saxis iyo ga-
1. galavani da daxuruli (Caketili) karibWe; lavani, rogori iyo karibWe da baRi; romeli vardi
2. karibWis gaReba; amoirCies. vardisTvis dasmuli kiTxva SeiZleba
3. karibWis miRma baRi – walkoti; saidumlod datovon, Tuki is Zalzed piradulia. aq-
4. gaseirneba baRSi; tiorebma unda mogviTxron sakuTari SegrZnebebisa
5. warmtaci vardnari; da gancdebis Sesaxebac.
6. yvelaze ufro lamazi vardis amorCeva; Semdeg etapze aqtiorebi cdiloben maT mier war-
7. vardisTvis dasmuli `yvelaze mniSvnelovani~ modgenilis gagebas. magaliTad, ras SeiZleba niS-
SekiTxva; navdes (rogorc simbolo) galavani da daketili kar-
8. vardis `pasuxi~. ibWe, karibWis miRma mSvenieri walkoti da, rac mTa-
varia, ras gulisxmobs `gasaubreba vardTan.~ tren-
eri damxmare kiTxvebiT uadvilebs aqtiorebs ama Tu
im simbolos gagebas da waaxalisebs maTs interpret-
aciul Tavisuflebas.

damxmare kiTxvebis magaliTebi:

1) ras niSnavs karibWe? – risi barieri SeiZleba
iyos igi?
2) ratom aris Caketili mSvenieri baRi?
3) risi simboloebia baRi da vardi?

savarjiSos ZiriTadi miznebi:

1) sakuTari warmodgenebis wvdomis unaris ga-
varjiSeba;
2) kontaqtis damyareba aracnobierTan, rogorc
fantaziis wyarosTan. xatovnad rom vTqvaT, `Sina-
gani samoTxis aRmoCena~;

16
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

3) dialogi sakuTar TavTan;

4) vardis, rogorc `Sinagani sibrZnis~, simbolos
wvdoma.
rogorc wesi, savarjiSo dadebiT emociebs aRZ-
ravs aqtiorebSi, rac Semdgomi mxatvruli moqmede-
bis stimuls iZleva.
magaliTi Cveni praqtikidan (simboloTa inter-
pretacia):
aqtiori - 20 wlis qaliSvili: ... `me mgoni, vardi
RmerTs unda niSnavdes; im arsebas, romelic keTi­
licaa, brZenic da yovlisSemZlec. es Cemi Sinagani
RmerTia, romelic vardis saxiT momevlina. anda,
ufro swored, Cemi Sinagani sibrZnea, romelmac yve-
la kiTxvaze icis pasuxi. mTavaria, SevZlo masTan
5) `arsebebis~ dabruneba qoxSi.
kavSiris damyareba~...
Semdgom etapze aqtiorebi rigrigobiT mogvi­T­x­
roben sakuTari warmodgenebis Sesaxeb: rogori tye,
savarjiSo `qoxi~
saxli dainaxes Sinagani mzeriT; ra saxis arsebani
TvaldaxuWuli aqtiorebi mihyvebian treneris
gamovidnen saxlidan; rogor moxda maTTan kontaq-
mier SemoTavazebul warmodgenebs, rogorebicaa:
tis damyareba da a.S.
1) gaseirneba tyeSi;
momdevno etapze aqtiorebi savarjiSos `gagebas~,
2) tyeSi patara saxli - `qoxi~ (`qoxs~ pirobiTad
interpretirebas cdiloben.
vuwodebT tyis saxls. aqtiorebma SeiZleba war-
moidginon sasaxlec, cixesimagrec ki. yvelaferi
treneris damxmare kiTxvebi:
maTs fantaziazea damokidebuli);
1. Tqveni azriT, risi simboloa “qoxi”?
3) `qoxidan~ `arsebebis~ gamosvla (aqtiorebs ne-
2. vin arian da ras gamoxataven “qoxis” binadarni?
bismieri `arsebis~ warmodgena SeuZliaT; eseni SeiZ­
3. ras unda niSnavdes maTTan kontaqtis damyareba?
leba iyvnen adamianebi, cxovelebi, zRapris persona­
4. risi Tqma SegiZliaT sakuTar Tavze am savarjiSos
Jebi, fantastikuri arsebebi da a.S.);
Sesrulebis Semdeg?
4) kontaqtSi Sesvla `arsebebTan~;

17
 savarjiSos ZiriTadi miznebi: artsesiis II dRe
1) socialuri rolebis (Zvelisa Tu axlis, Cveu-
lisa Tu moulodnelis) aRmoCena sakuTar TavSi. Ti- I. moTelva.
Toeuli `arseba~, “qoxis” TiToeuli binadari aqtio- II. TamaSi.
ris garkveul socialur rols Seesabameba. magali- a) koleqtiuri naxatis Sesruleba Temaze `sibnele
Tad, kurdReli, lomi, keTili feria, kaciWamia, – sinaTle~.
juja, goliaTi – aqtioris garkveuli socialuri pirvel etapze aqtiorebi xataven `sibneles~ Sesaba­
rolebis anareklebia. misi simboloebis gamoyenebiT; isini rigrigobiT midian
savarjiSos Sesrulebis dros mniSvnelobas iZens TeTr dafasTan da winaswari SeTanxmebis gareSe qmnian
is, Tu Tavad aqtiori rogor aRiqvams, rogor afasebs kompozicias. meore TeTr dafaze ixateba `sinaTle~.
ama Tu im `arsebas~ sakuTar TavTan mimarTebaSi. treneri winaswar uxsnis aqtiorebs, rom `sibnele~
2) sakuTari Tavis aRqma socialur rolTa diapa- da `sinaTle~ metaforebad gaiazron da maT mimarT
zonis, speqtris TvalsazrisiT (vin var me? romeli sakuTari damokidebuleba Sesabamisi simboloebis
`arseba~ ufro axloa CemTan? romelia ufro Sors? saxiT warmoadginon.
ra iyo sruliad moulodneli CemTvis?). Cven mier Catarebul sesiebze sinaTlis simboloe-
3) axali informaciis miReba sakuTar pirovne- bad gamoyenebul iqna mze, yvavili, cisartyela, naTu-
basTan dakavSirebiT (axali ra gavige sakuTari Tav- ra, xelgadaxveuli adamianebi, momRimari saxe, guli,
is Sesaxeb? ra iyo moulodneli da amitomac sain- frTagaSlili Citi, wigni, sanTeli, msxmoiare xe...
tereso? rogor vafaseb sakuTar Tavs Cemi warmod-
genebidan gamomdinare?).
III. sesiis pirvel samuSao dRes asrulebs “Seri­n­
gi” _ miRebuli Sedegebis ganxilva da analizi. aq-
tiorebi afaseben da komentarebs akeTeben rogorc
sakuTar, aseve sxvaTa aqtivobasTan dakavSirebiT,
erTmaneTs udareben interpretaciebs, gamoxataven
artsesiisadmi TavianT damokidebulebas.

18
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

sibnelis simboloebad - Savi Rrubeli, Tvaldaxu­ naTle~ ga­moixateboda xelCakidebuli adamianebis

Wuli adamianis saxe, cremlebi, Suaze gapobili guli, saxiT, zeviT xelebawvdili figuriT da a.S. Cvenma
Caketili karebi, iaraRi, sisxlis wveTebi... jgufma ase warmoadgina `sinaTle-sibnelis Widili,
pirveli etapis dasasruls aqtiorebi msjeloben anu cxov­reba~: erTma aqtiorma mkerdze miimagra
Sesrulebuli namuSevrebis Sesaxeb, cdiloben axs- warwera `sinaTle~, meorem - `sibnele~ da maT swrafi,
nan simboloebi, erTmaneTs adareben `sibnelesa~ da dinamiuri musikis fonze daiwyes Widili – cekva,
“sinaTles”. romlis drosac xan erTi `imarjvebda~ da xan – meo-
b) Semdeg etapze treneri svams kiTxvas, Tu ram re. `sinaTle – sibnelis~ kavSiri meore jgufSi sim-
SeiZleba gaaerTianos iseTi urTierTgamomricxavi bolurad ase gamoisaxa: aqtiorebi xan iatakze sxde-
movlenebi, rogoricaa sibnele da sinaTle (an dRe bodnen da TavCaqindrulni erTmaneTs ekvrodnen,
da Rame)? Tuki aqtiorebi ver pouloben pasuxs, ma- xanac dgebodnen da maRla swevdnen xelebs.
Sin treneri svams kiTxvas:
xom ar SeiZleba dRisa da Ramis (an sinaTle-sibne- savarjiSo `Tovli~
lis) gaerTianebas ewodos `riJraJi~? da Tu SeiZle-
ba, ratom? (riJraJi - dRe-Ramis is droa, rodesac savarjiSos dawyebamde treneri mokle informa-
Rame jer ar damTavrebula da dRe ki daiwyo). cias awvdis aqtiorebs oTxi temperamentis Sesaxeb.
treneris Semdegi SekiTxva: Semdeg is dafaze mokled Camowers: - erTsa da ima­
xom ar SeiZleba sinaTle-sibnelis gaerTianebas ve movlenaze am oTxi sxvadasxva temperamentisaTvis
ewodos `cxovreba~ da ratom? SesaZlo emociur reaqciebs:
d) aqtiorebs evalebaT sibnele-sinaTlis kavSiris sangviniki – icinis;
daxatva Sesabamisi simboloebiT. Cvens sesiebze aseT qoleriki – Cxubobs – brazobs;
`gamaerTianebel~ simboloebad gamoiyeneboda `ini flegmatiki – mSvidadaa;
da iani~ da wreSi Caxatuli mze da mTvare. melanqoliki – tiris.
e) aqtiorebi cdiloben `cocxali skulpturis~
saxiT warmoadginon `sibnele-sinaTle~ - am etapze aqtiorebs evalebaT TeTri qaRaldebisagan `Tov-
moqmedebaSi erTveba pantomima. Cvens sesiebze `sib- lis~ damzadeba: maT unda gamoWran patara rgolebi.
nelis~ simboloebad gamoyenebul iqna TavSalmox- erT-erTi aqtiori dgeba skamze da niSanze - `da-
veuli, moxrili mwuxare figura. aseve, erTmaneTi- viwyeT~!, zevidan afrqvevs `Tovls~. oTx aqtiors
sadmi zurgSeqceul figuraTa kompozicia. `si- ­mkerdze vumagrebT warwerebs: `sangviniki~, `qole­

19
 “Seringi”:
aqtiorebi msjeloben Sesrulebuli savarjiSos
Sesaxeb, afaseben sakuTar da megobarTa Semoqmede-
bas, gamoaqvT daskvnebi, mogviTxroben sakuTari
STabeWdilebebis Sesaxeb.

savarjiSos mizani:
1. erTi da imave movlenis mimarT gansxvavebul
emociur damokidebulebaTa gamovlena – icvleba
damokidebuleba, xolo movlena (Tovli) igive rCe-
ba.
2. gacnobiereba imisa, rom emocia kavSirSia Tavad
riki~, `flegmatiki~, “melanqoliki~. maT evalebaT ganmcdelTan da araa `mijaWvuli~ gare movlenaze.
erTi da imave movlenis (Tovlis) mimarT oTxi SesaZ- Sesabamisad, adamians SeuZlia nebismierad cvalos
lo reaqcia gamoxaton mimikis, pantomimis, Sesabami­ emociuri reaqciebi da amiT Tavi daaRwios emociaTa
si moqmedebis, teqstis da intonaciis meSveobiT. `tyveobas~.
niSanze - `daviwyeT~!, iwyeba `Tovli~ da aqtio-
rebi gamoxataven oTx SesaZlo emociur damokide­
bulebas: sixaruls (sangviniki), risxvas (qoleriki),
simSvides (flegmatiki), dards (melanqoliki).

Semdegi etapi: aqtiorebi erTmaneTs ucvlian

­mkerdze mimagrebul warwerebs: sangviniki iqceva
melanqolikad, qoleriki – flegmatikad da a.S. maT
­kvlav evalebaT Tovlisadmi damokidebulebis Cve-
neba miTiTebuli temperamentidan gamomdinare.
magaliTad, `ra kargia Tovli!~, `oo, kidev Tovs?!~,
`mciva...~, `amis atana aRar SemiZlia~ da sxva...

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 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

rogorc Cveni gamocdileba mowmobs, aqtiorebi zeadamianis TvisebebiT dajildovda, rogoricaa

yovelgvari sirTulis gareSe axerxeben savarjiSo `goniereba~, `nebisyofa~, `aqtiuroba~, `sikeTe~, `op-
`TovlSi~ Cadebuli ideis amocnobas. ufro metic, timizmi~, `silamaze~, da a.S.
isini iolad akavSireben erTmaneTTan savarjiSoebs
`sibnele – sinaTle~ da `Tovli~. amis dadasturebaa II etapi – aqtiorebi Camowerili niSan-Tvisebe-
maTi gamonaTqvamebi: `cxovrebis naTeli da bneli bis safuZvelze realuri da idealuri `me~-s `port­
mxareebis aRmoCena – danaxva Cvenzea damokidebuli~; retebs~ xataven simboloebis gamoyenebiT. mxatvru-
`cxovreba bnelisa da naTelis nazavia da adamianma li moqmedebis dawyebamde treneri aqtiorebs usvams
orives unda gausworos Tvali!~; `Tu Sens gareT ar- kiTxvebs da maTi pasuxebis Sesabamisad ixateba `por-
sebul samyaroSi verafers cvli, SegiZlia Secvalo tretebi~.
damokidebuleba!~; `unda vecadoT, davinaxoT ara es kiTxvebia:
marto cudi, aramed kargic!~ 1) romel geometriul figurebad SeiZleba war-
movidginoT realuri da idealuri `me~ (kavkasieli,
savarjiSo `realuri-me~ - `idealuri-me~ (an
`realuri-kavkasieli~ - `idealuri-kavkasieli~,
`realuri-qarTveli – idealuri – qarTveli~).
savarjiSo ramdenime etapad iyofa.

I etapi – aqtiorebi or dafaze (cal-calke)

Camoweren `realuri me-sTvis~ da `idealuri me-
sTvis~ damaxasiaTebel Tvisebebs. [(rogori var(varT)
da rogori minda rom viyo(viyoT)]...
Cvens sesiebze realuri kavkasielis TvisebebSi
tradiciuli `stumarTmoyvareobis~, `silamazis~ da
`vaJkacobis~ gverdiT dasaxelda uaryofiTi emo- qarTveli, sazogadod adamiani).
ciebisadmi midrekilebac _ `sevda~, `uimedoba~, 2)ra ferisaa es geometriuli figurebi?
`pasiuroba~ (rac yvelasaTvis gasagebi socio-poli- 3)ra saxis simboluri gamosaxulebebiT SeiZleba
tikuri mizezebiT aixsneba). idealuri kavkasieli SevavsoT es figurebi?
ki – yovelmxriv ganviTarebuli da yovlisSemZle 4) romeli da ra saxis geometriuli figurebis

21
 garemocvaSia `Cveni figurebi~ (anu ra saxisaa maT realuri kavkasielis `fi­gura~ sakmaod bevri sim-
garSemo arsebuli samyaro?) boloTi Seivso - jvari, taZari, sasmisi RviniT, Tofi,
Cvens sesiebze realuri kavkasielis simbolod xmali, wigni, `qarTlis deda,~ xe, cremli, myinvari,
gamoyenebul iqna mravalkuTxedi (yvelaze xSirad), yvavili, Tolia da a.S.
aseve kubi, konusi, paralelopipedi. rogorc ara TiTqmis yvela sesiaze simboloTa Soris cent­
erTxel aRniSnes aqtiorebma, - `es figura aucile- ralur adgils ikavebda taZris gamosaxuleba. didi
blad unda iyos mravalkuTxiani!”; `iqneb, texili raodenobiT iyo warmodgenili iaraRic, rasac aq-
xazebi da araTanabari kuTxeebi gamogveyenebina?~ - tiorebi rwmenis da sabrZolo SemarTebis, samSob-
xSirad gvTavazobdnen aqtiorebi. maTi azriT, aseTi los dacvis survilis dominirebiT xsnidnen.
geometriuli figura simbolurad ufro ukeT asa­ sainteresoa, rom Cvens sesiebze realuri kavkasie-
xavs kavkasielis rTul, winaaRmdegobriv bune- lis figura erTgvar `Wrel qaoss~ emsgavse-
bas, vnebaTa Relvas, Zlieri emociebi- boda – masSi yvela saxis da yvela feris
sadmi midrekilebas, gadauwyvetel simbolo iyo warmodgenili. es qao-
problemebs... si aqtiorTaTvis mimzidvelic
realuri kavkasielis sim- ki aRmoCnda - `kargebi vyo-
bolur ferebad xSi­rad filvarT!~, `ra ucnauria:
gamoiyeneboda wiTeli da realuri kavkasieli iseTi
Savi (mwvave emociebis, kargia da lamazi!~
gancdebis ferebi). gan- idealuri kavkasie-
sakuTrebuli sixSiriT lis Sesatyvis figurad
iye­nebdnen aqtiorebi yvelaze xSirad gamoi-
speqtris yvela fers yeneboda cisferi wre
anu realuri kavkasieli (harmoniis tradiciuli
simbolurad ferTa mTel simbolo). wreSi Caixata:
palitras moicavda, rac mtredi, jvari, cisartye-
kidev erTxel cxadyofs la, mze, gaRimebuli saxe,
(aqtiorTa gagebiT) kavkasie- kompiuteri...
lis rTulsa da araerTgvaro- rogorc vxedavT, iaraRis ad-
van bunebas. gili daikava mSvidobis simboloeb-

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 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

ma – mtredma da cisartyelam, aseve mzem – rogorc artsesiis III dRe

siyvarulis simbolom. aqtiore­bma gansakuTrebuli
mniSvneloba am SemTxvevaSic jvars mianiWes (rwmenis sesiis mesame dRe Teatralizebul warmodgenas
simbolo). kompiuteri ki – ganaTlebis, samyarosTan (performansi, fsiqodrama) eTmoba.
kontaqtis, progresis simbolod iqna aRqmuli. aqtiorebs sami savarjiSos Sesruleba evalebaT:
erT-erT jgufSi idealuri kavkasielis `garemod~ I. savarjiSo `cudi jgufi~ _ `kargi jgufi~
Tu `gare samyarod~ daixata RvTis xeli, rogorc II. savarjiSo `niRbebi~
mfarveli, Semwe da nugeSis­mcemeli. meore jguf- III. savarjiSo `zRapari~
Si idealuri kavkasielis gamomxatveli `cisferi samive savarjiSo kavSirSia erTmaneTTan, magram,
­sfero~ or mzrunvel xels eWira Tu epyra. “Serin­ amave dros, maT damoukidebeli miznebi da amocanebi
gis” dros aqtiorebma gamoTqves varaudi, rom es sim- aqvT.
boloebi garedan Svelis, garedan daxmarebis sur-
vils unda niSnavdes! I. savarjiSo `cudi jgufi~ _ kargi jgufi~
“Seringi” – aqtiorebi msjeloben gamoyenebuli aqtiorebs evalebaT Sesabamisi moqmedebiT (SesaZ­
simboloebis Sesaxeb (maT `gaSifvras~ cdiloben), lebelia kostiumebis, rekvizitis damzadeba da musi-
erTmaneTs adareben realuri da idealuri kavkasie- kis gamoyeneba) warmoadginon
lis (adamianis, qarTvelis...) `portretebs~. msjelo- 1. `yvelaze cudi jgufi~,
ben koleqtiuri naSromis Sesaxeb mTlianobaSi, gamo- 2. `yvelaze kargi jgufi~.
aqvT daskvnebi. aqtiorebs eZlevaT saSualeba, winaswar Se-
msjelobis ZiriTadi Tema - `rogorebi varT da ­Ta­nx­­mdnen da Teatralizebuli warmodgenis saxiT
rogorebi gvinda rom viyoT~. gviCvenon, Tu rogor esaxebaT adamianTa Soris urTi­
savarjiSos mizani: erTobis yvelaze cudi da yvelaze kargi formebi.
simboloTa daxmarebiT realursa da idealurs I. etapi. aqtiorebi Sesabamisi moqmedebiT (si-
(me-s, adamians, kavkasiels, qarTvels) Soris arsebu- tyvieri Tu fizikuri) warmoadgenen `cud me-s~ da
li sxvaobis an msgavsebis wvdoma. `cud jgufs~.
III. sesiis meore samuSao dRes asrulebs miRebu- II. etapi. treneris romelime pirobiT niSanze
li SDedegebis ganxilva. aqtiorebi afaseben jgufis (taSis Semokvra an SeZaxili `STOP~) jgufi gad-
mxat­vrul moqmedebas, iZlevian sakuTar interpre- adis `kargi me~-sa da `kargi jgufis~ gansaxierebaze.
taciebs, gamoaqvT daskvnebi. rogorc praqtikam gviCvena, `kargi jgufis` niSan-

23
 Tvisebebad aqtiorebi miiCneven: Tavazianobas, mz-
runvelobas, keTilganwyobas, yuradRebianobas, rac
Sesabamisi moqmedebebiT gamoixateba. magaliTad,
erT-erT sesiaze aqtiorebma ganasaxieres saxlis
mSenebelTa megobruli, `Sekruli~ koleqtivi – aq-
tiorebi erTmaneTs exmarebodnen, cdilobdnen me-
gobris tvirTis Semsubuqebas da sxva. gamoiyeneboda
simboluri qmedebebic. magaliTad, `kargi jgufis~
simbolod iqca cekva `ferxuli~ - aqtiorebi ener-
giulad cekvavdnen da erTmaneTs SeZaxilebiT amx-
nevebdnen. `cudi jgufis~ ZiriTad niSnad misi wevre- II savarjiSo `niRbebi~
bis erTmaneTisadmi indiferentuloba da agresiu- instruqcia: `warmoidgineT, rom sakarnavalod
loba iqca, rac qaoturi, erTmaneTTan daukavSire- emzadebiT, sadac mogiwevT TqvenTvis sasurveli
beli moZraobebis saxiT gadmoica. iyo agresiuli personaJis (filmis an wignis gmiris, romelime mce-
qmedebebic: dacinva, xelis kvra, zurgis Seqceva da naris, Tundac sagnis...) gansaxiereba. daamzadeT
sxva. niRabi, Semdeg moirgeT. ganmarteT Tqveni arCevani,
“Seringi”: aqtiorebi msjeloben maT mier im- gvesaubreT niRbis saxeliT... SegiZliaT leqsis de-
provizirebuli sanaxaobis Sesaxeb. cdiloben axs- klamireba da simRerac...
nan, Tu ra sxvaobebia `cud~ da `karg~ jgufebs Soris, I etapi: aqtiorebi amzadeben maTTvis sasurvel
imarTeba diskusia adamianTa Soris urTierTobebis niRbebs (feradi qaRaldebis gamoyenebiT).
Sesaxeb. aqtiorebi cdiloben, gaiazron savarjiSos II etapi: aqtiorebi erTmaneTis winaSe niRbe-
amocanebi da miznebi. biT warsdgebian; saubroben da moqmedeben niRbis
“Seringamde” dasaSvebia davawerinoT Txzuleba saxeliT. cdiloben axsnan sakuTari arCevani, kiTxu-
Temaze: `ra arTulebs adamianebs Soris urTierTo- loben leqsebs, asruleben simRerebs.
bas?~ (individualurad). III etapi: aqtiorebi kontaqtSi Sedian niRbebis
savarjiSos mizania antagonisturi wyvilebis daxmarebiT, ewyoba msvleloba-karnavali.
(`cudi me – kargi me~ da `cudi jgufi – kargi jgufi~) Seringi: aqtiorebi cdiloben, Seafason sakuTari
Sepirispireba qmedebis saSualebiT da amiT maT So- da mTlianad jgufis mxatvruli moqmedeba, `gaugon~
ris sxvaobebis gamovlena. sakuTar niRabs, axsnan savarjiSos arsi, daniSnuleba

24
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

da mizani; imsjelon sazogadod karnavalis raobaze. 1) personaJisTvis feradi qaRaldebisgan Sesaba­

SesaZlebelia “Seringamde” aqtiorebs davawerinoT misi kostiumis damzadeba.
Txzuleba - `me da Cemi niRabi~. SesaZlo personaJebi: keTili feria, brZeni, juja
dasaSvebia, treneri Semdegi kiTxvebiT daexmaros da a.S.
aqtiorebs: 2) ufliswulisTvis saCuqris damzadeba. SesaZlo
1. ratom airCieT swored es da ara sxva niRabi? saCuqrebi: `jadosnuri joxi~, `uCinmaCinis qudi~ da
2. aqvs Tu ara raime kavSiri arCeul niRabs Tqvens a.S.
pirovnebasTan? 3) personaJisaTvis Sesabamisi teqstis momzadeba.
3. ra gansxvavebaa Tqvensa da Tqven mier arCeul 4) mzeTunaxavs evaleba ufliswuls iseTi kiTxva
niRabs Soris? dausvas, romelzec pasuxi yvelasaTvis mniSvnelo-
4. ratom imarTeba karnavali – maskaradebi? vani da sayuradRebo iqneba.
savarjiSos mizani: 5) SesaZlebelia musikis SerCevac.
`me~ - `niRabis~ Sepirispireba qmedebis saSualebiT kostiumebisa da rekvizitis dasamzadeblad aq-
da maT Soris mimarTeba – kavSirebis (Tu sxvaobebis) tiorebs sakmaod didi dro unda gamovuyoT; mivceT
wvdoma.

III. savarjiSo `zRapari~

aqtiorebs evalebaT warmoadginon improvizi­
rebuli sanaxaoba zRapris tradiciuli siuJetis
gamoyenebiT. treneri aqtiorebs aseT scenars sTava-
zobs:
ufliswuli mzeTunaxavis sasaxlisaken mieSureba.
gzaSi igi keTilganwyobili personaJebisgan jados-
nuri nivTebiT saCuqrdeba. sasaxleSi misuli, igi
mzeTunaxavis gamocanaze pasuxis povnasa da misi siy-
varulis mopovebas cdilobs.
treneri jgufTan SeTanxmebiT irCevs or mTavar
personaJs – ufliswulsa da mzeTunaxavs.
aqtiorebs evalebaT:

25
 maT saSualeba, `Seqmnan~ TavianTi personaJebi da aRiniSneboda personaJTa didi mravalferovneba:
moaxdinon maTTan `gaigiveba~. SeiZleba am periodSi sayvareli wiTelquda da sastiki lurjwvera, sasaci-
CavrToT sasiamovno musika. lo buratino da saxelganTqmuli mxedarTmTavari...
yovelgvari urTierTSeTanxmebisa (aravin icis, Tu Seringi. aqtiorebi msjeloben performansis Sesa­
ra moamzada misma megobarma) da repeticiis gareSe xeb. ixilaven yvelaze saintereso epizodebs, Teat­
gaTamaSebuli performansi avlens da avarjiSebs aq- ralur kostiumebs, gamoaqvT daskvnebi. cdiloben
tiorTa ara mxolod improvizaciul Tu mxatvrul, daukavSiron maT mier warmodgenili sanaxaoba aq-
aramed komunikaciur unarebsac. tualur problemebs, Seafason jgufis erToblivi
Cven mier organizebul sesiebze jgufidan jguf- mxatvruli moqmedeba.
Si icvleboda gmirebis xasiaTi; erT SemTxvevaSi savarjiSos mizani:
ufliswuli zedmetad pasiuri da daxmarebis mor- savarjiSo agvirgvinebs samdRian artsesias da
Cilad momlodine aRmoCnda, meore SemTxvevaSi – amitomac mas gansakuTrebuli mizani aqvs. kerZod,
agresiulobiTa da uxeSobiT gamoirCeoda. erTi mze- jgufis wevrTa gamTlianeba erTi saerTo miznis miR-
Tunaxavi ki imdenad Wkviani iyo, rom misi gamocanis wevis procesSi – mTeli jgufi exmareba ufliswuls
gamocnoba SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda. mzeTunaxavis siyvarulis mopovebaSi da, rac mTa-
mzeTunaxavis SekiTxva an mxatvruli wyaroebi- varia, zRapars asrulebs “happy end”-i!
dan iyo amoRebuli (`vin aris, vinc diliT oTx fexze samdRiani artsesiis bolo etapze aqtiorebs eZle­
dadis, SuadRisas – orze, saRamos – samze?~ pasuxi: vaT saSualeba, Seafason sesia mTlianobaSi, gamo­
adamiani) anda aqtualur, saWirboroto sakiTxs itanon daskvnebi, gamoTqvan samomavlo survilebi.
­exeboda (`ra aris saWiro, raTa Cemi qveyana gabedni-
erdes?~).
araCveulebriv sanaxaobas warmoadgenda aqtio-
rTa mier damzadebuli Teatraluri kostiumebi da
jadosnuri nivTebi – ulamazesi `kabebi~ da `mosas­
xamebi~, ~gvirgvinebi~ da `skiptrebi~...

26
 artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa da treningSi

literatura:

1. Андерсен-Уорен М., Греинджер Р., Драматерапия, С-П.2001.

2. Асаджиоли Р., Психосинтез. Relf book, 1994.
3. Арттерапия в эпоху постмодерна. составитель Копытин А. И., С-П.2002.
4. Келлерман П., Психодрама крупным планом, М. 1998.
5. Копытин А. И., Теория и практика Арттерапии, С-П.2002.
6. Лебедева А. Д., Практика Арттерапии, С-П.2003.
7. Методы эффективной психокоррекции. составитель Сельчёнок К. В., Минск. 1999.
8. Томас К., Переживание образов, М. 1994.

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154

artmeTodebi Tanamedrove fsiqoTerapiasa sa treningSi

praqtikuli muSaoba bavSvebTan ( bavSvis ganviTarebis mastimulirebeli sava rji S oebi)

redaqtori: manana gabaSvili

literaturuli redaqtori: mariam miqaSaviZe
kompiuteruli dizainerebi: irakli xuciSvili
tata xidaSeli

ISBN 978-9941-9032-8-1

© yvela ufleba daculia

gamomcemloba S. p. s. `siesta~
Tbilisi, TabukaSvilis q. 27
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