Jurnali #5.indd

Teimuraz fanjikiZe<br />

guram qeraSvili, xevi da moxeveebi, Tb., 2012<br />

saqarTvelo, upirveles yovlisa, mdidaria Tavisi Semadgeneli<br />

ulamazesi kuTxeebiT, romlebic politikur erTianobasTan erTad<br />

qmnian im did sulierebas da kulturul mravalferovnebas, riTac<br />

yovelTvis gamoirCeoda Cveni qveyana.<br />

marTlacda, msoflioSi, albaT, Znelad moiZebneba iseTi qveyana,<br />

sadac esoden patara teritoriaze arsebobdes amdeni gansxvavebuli<br />

xasiaTi, temperamenti, tradicia, wesi da adaTi, cekva da simRera,<br />

stumar-maspinZloba, lxini da glova, sulierebis sxva gamovlinebebi<br />

da maTgan momdinare cxovrebis wesi.<br />

es gansxvavebuloba da nairferoba, erTi mxriv, WeSmaritad didi<br />

simdidrea, didi potencialia erovnuli individualobisaTvis,<br />

originaluri SemoqmedebisaTvis, sakuTari meobis gamoxatvisa<br />

da damkvidrebisaTvis, Tumca, meore mxriv, igi Zalze arTulebs am<br />

kuTxeTa erTmaneTTan SekavSirebas, organizaciul erTobas da, gansakuTrebiT<br />

ki, marTvas.<br />

warsulidan kargad gvaxsovs, rom saqarTvelos TiToeul kuTxes<br />

od iTganve Tavisi specifika hqonda da Taviseburi elferi dahkravda,<br />

ga momdinare maTi fizikuri arsebobis pirobebidan, geografiuli<br />

mdebareobidan, garemocvidan, mtrulad Tu moyvrulad ganwyobili<br />

mezoblebidan, maT winaSe mdgari Tavis gadarCenis da damkvidrebis<br />

amocanidan.<br />

saqarTvelos TiToeul kuTxes adreuli xanidan dawyebuli Tavisi<br />

wvlili Sehqonda qveynis erTiani sxeulis arsebobasa da ganmtkicebaSi,<br />

SemuSavebuli hqonda centralur xelisuflebasa Tu sxva<br />

kuTxeebTan urTierTobis da Tanacxovrebis sakuTari gamocdileba.<br />

saWiroebis dros TiToeuli maTgani Tavis Tavze iRebda garkveul

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174 Teimuraz fanjikiZe<br />

pasuxismgeblobas, igeriebda mtrisgan miyenebul dartymas da Rirseulad<br />

pasuxobda garedan mosul yovelgvar safrTxes.<br />

xevi da masSi mcxovrebi moxeveebi erT-erTi margalitia kuTxeTa<br />

im TanavarskvlavedSi, romlisganac Sedgeba mTlianad saqarTvelo.<br />

igi gamoirCeoda im istoriuli misiiT, rac mas mdebareobis gamo<br />

xvda wilad erTiani saqarTvelos sxeulSi da sakmaod saintereso<br />

warsuliTac.<br />

cxadia, ver vityviT, rom saqarTvelos kuTxeebi, maT Soris<br />

xevi, saerTod ar iyos Seswavlili istoriuli, geografiuli, eTnografiuli,<br />

ekonomikuri Tu sxva mimarTebiT, magram, miuxedavad<br />

amisa, TiToeuli axali wignis gamoCena am Temaze gansxvavebuli iersaxiT<br />

warmoaCens calkeuli regionis istorias, yofas, warsulsa<br />

Tu Tanamedroveobas.<br />

winamdebare wigni, romlis ganxilvasac mkiTxvels vTavazobT, Zalze<br />

saintereso da gamorCeuli naSromia. misi avtori warmoSobiT<br />

moxeve _ batoni guram qeraSvili, Tavisi profesiiT arc istorikosia<br />

da arc eTnografi, igi ubralod, Tavis kuTxeze da sakuTar<br />

Zirebze Seyvarebuli adamiania, specialobiT ki SesaniSnavi eqimiqirurgi,<br />

romelsac cxovrebis didi gza aqvs gavlili da sakmaod<br />

mdidari biografiac gaaCnia:<br />

dabadebulia 1940 wels, daamTavra Tbilisis saxelmwifo samedicino<br />

instituti. aris medicinis doqtori, ocamde samecniero Sromis<br />

avtori; wlebis manZilze muSaobda xelmZRvanel Tanamdebobebze:<br />

iyo barisaxos saubno saavadmyofos, q.Tbilisis saqarxno raionis<br />

samgoris saavadmyofo-poliklinikuri gaerTianebis, bavSvTa meoTxe<br />

klinikuri saavadmyofos, respublikis centraluri klinikuri saavadmyofos<br />

da respublikuri klinikuri infeqciuri saavadmyofos<br />

mTavari eqimi; saqarTvelos jandacvis ministris moadgile; wlebis<br />

ganmavlobaSi muSaobda saqarTvelos saxelmwifo qonebis marTvisa<br />

da ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministroebSi _ xelmZRvanelobda<br />

samedicino dawesebulebebis marTvas.<br />

miuxedavad imisa, rom moxevea, baton gurams xevSi mudmivad arasodes<br />

ucxovria. daibada duSeTSi da Semdgom, ZiriTadad TbilisSi<br />

cxovrobda. cxadia, drodadro, umetesad zafxulobiT Cadioda yazbegSi<br />

da sofel axalcixeSi, saidanac misi winaprebi iyvnen warmoSobiT.<br />

Tavisi wignis Cafiqrebis istorias igi ase gadmogvcems: erT<br />

zafxuls SviliSvilebi, salome da guga wauyvania xevis gasacnobad,<br />

raTa maT ukeT scodnodaT, saidan iyvnen warmoSobiT, sad iyo maTi<br />

Zirebi, visi `gorisani~ iyvnen. bavSvebs misTvis bevri iseTi kiTxva

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axali wignebi<br />

175<br />

dausvamT, romlebzec Secbunebul papas ver upasuxia da uxerxul<br />

mdgomarebaSic Cavardnila. am faqtis Semdeg, igi mTeli seriozulobiT<br />

Cajdomia mSobliuri kuTxisa da sakuTari gvaris warmomavlobis<br />

Seswavlas, rasac ramdenime weli moandoma. winamdebare<br />

wignis avtoris sasaxelod unda iTqvas, rom man keTilsindisierad<br />

Seiswavla am TemasTan dakavSirebuli pirvelwyaroebi, daamuSava ukve<br />

gamoqveynebuli samecniero Tu mxatvruli literatura, gaecno eTnografiul<br />

masalebs, safuZvlianad imuSava saarqivo dokumentebze<br />

da mxolod amis Semdeg Seudga wignis weras.<br />

istoriuli da xalxuri gadmocemebiT mopovebuli ambebis Txrobisas<br />

baton gurams Tavisi midgoma da xedva aqvs. xevis istorias<br />

igi marTebulad ikvlevs mTliani saqarTvelos da misi problemebis<br />

fonze, Tumca, calke gamoyofs da kargad aCvenebs im rolsa da funqcias,<br />

rasac es regioni asrulebda da asrulebs erTiani saqarTvelos<br />

istoriaSi.<br />

saarqivo da samecniero literaturasTan erTad avtori xSirad<br />

iyenebs mxatvrul da istoriul-popularul wignebs. mis SromaSi<br />

gansakuTrebiT uxvad aris motanili fragmentebi istorikosisa da<br />

mwerlis levan sanikiZis `uqarqaSo xmlebidan~. rogorc Cans, guram<br />

qeraSvilis ganwyoba da paTosi zustad emTxveva `uqarqaSo xmlebis~<br />

avtoris Sefasebebsa da suliskveTebas. levan sanikiZis msgavsad<br />

isic uzomod xarobs im warmatebebiT, romelTaTvisac qarTvelebs<br />

odesme miuRweviaT, wuxs gancdil marcxze da warumateblobaze.<br />

pirvelwyaroebze, saarqivo masalebze, samecniero da mxatvrul<br />

literaturaze dayrdnobiT, Tu sakuTari dakvirvebebis gadmocemiT<br />

avtori uamrav saintereso informacias awvdis mkiTxvels: mimoixilavs<br />

xevis geografiul mdebareobas, sazRvrebs, toponimebs, gadmocemebsa<br />

da istorias, Tqmulebebs; mSvenivrad aRwers moxeur Tems,<br />

Temur cxovrebas da mis marTvas; moxeveTa religiur rwmenebs da<br />

warmodgenebs, gaqristianebas da maT warmarTobanarev qristianobas.<br />

sworad xsnis xevis damokidebulebas centralur xelisuflebas-<br />

Tan da calkeul aRzevebul feodalebTan, romlebic maT daymevebas<br />

cdilobdnen. vrceli saubari aqvs moxeveTa monawileobaze zogadqarTul<br />

movlenebSi: omebSi, ajanyebebSi. am procesebis gadmocemis<br />

dros kargad iyenebs folklors.<br />

avtori did adgils uTmobs ruseTTan urTierTobas da mis gavlenas<br />

moxeveTa cxovrebaze. gansakuTrebiT gamoyofs saqarTvelos<br />

samxedro gzis mniSvnelobas, romelic did gavlenas axdenda da<br />

axdens mTeli saqarTvelos mdgomareobaze. mogviTxrobs am gzas-

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176 Teimuraz fanjikiZe<br />

Tan dakavSirebul ambebs, aRwers dasaxlebebs, istoriul soflebs,<br />

xeobebs, eklesiebs, cixe-simagreebs da adrindel salocavebs.<br />

wignis mniSvnelovani nawili eTmoba xevis cxovrebis wess,<br />

tradiciebs da adaT-Cveulebebs. avtori saubrobs moxeveTa urTierTobaze<br />

sxva erovnebis xalxebTan, kerZod osebTan da qistebTan,<br />

maTTan dakavSirebul Zmadnaficobasa da `yonaRobaze~; moxeur<br />

`gorsa~ da `sagoreuloze~, saxelis moxveWis tradiciaze, ufrosumcrosobaze,<br />

qalis kultze, amanaTobaze, mesisxleobaze, `samansayudze~,<br />

darisxeba-dawyevlis da Temidan mokveTis tradiciebze.<br />

baton gurams metad saintereso masalebi aqvs mopovebuli moxeur<br />

gvarebze. igi dawvrilebiT mimoixilavs maTi warmoSobis istorias,<br />

gansaxlebas, urTierTkavSirebs da TemTan damokidebulebas.<br />

didi simpaTiiT da pativiscemiT moixseniebs xevis saxelovan Svilebs.<br />

yuradRebas imsaxurebs gvarTa kargad Sedgenili genealogiebi.<br />

wignis udavod saintereso nawilia xevis demografiis aRwera da<br />

is sqemebi, romlebic avtors am mizniT aqvs gakeTebuli. guram qeraSvili<br />

yuradRebas amaxvilebs sagangaSo demografiul cvlilebebze,<br />

mis tendenciebze da saintereso mosazrebebs gamoTqvams; didi<br />

gulistkiviliT, SeSfoTebiT saubrobs xevis dRevandel problemebze,<br />

dacarielebul soflebze, Semcirebul mosaxleobaze, gausa-<br />

Zlis socialur yofaze, Sobadobis Semcirebaze, dakargul miwebze,<br />

modarajebul mezoblebze, romlebic Cveni teritoriebis miTvisebas<br />

lamoben da a. S.<br />

sxva RirsebebTan erTad winamdebare naSromi aris wigni-mowodeba<br />

_ vuSveloT xevs! vuSveloT saqarTvelos mTas da sruliad saqarTvelos.<br />

gangaSis am sityvebiT amTavrebs guram qeraSvili Tavis<br />

saTqmels da naSroms, romelic, Cemi azriT, erT-erTi saukeTesoa<br />

bolo dros aRniSnul Temaze gamoqveynebul SromaTa Soris _ Tavisi<br />

mravalferovnebiT, sakiTxTa siuxviT, siRrmiT da patriotuli<br />

suliskveTebiT.<br />

wigni kargi qarTuliT aris dawerili, iolad ikiTxeba da uTuod<br />

miiqcevs mkiTxvelis yuradRebas Tavisi SinaarsiT, wyobiT, aqtualuri<br />

TemebiT. igi daainteresebs yvelas: didsa Tu pataras, specialists<br />

Tu ubralo mkiTxvels, radgan mas SeyavxarT saqarTvelos<br />

mTianeTis cxovrebis metad mimzidvel samyaroSi.<br />

aucileblad waikiTxeT es mSvenieri wigni da sxvasac waakiTxeT!